The next day, drizzle a 12" cast iron skillet with olive oil, and spread the oil to evenly coat the bottom and sides of the pan.
Remove the dough from the fridge, and loosen it from the sides of bowl (it may be sticky). Transfer the dough, upside down, into the skillet.
Pat the dough into a rough rectangle shape inside of the pan, gently stretching the top and bottom if needed. Now, we're going to shape the dough.
Using both hands, gently pick up the bottom of the dough, pull it away from the pan, and fold it halfway on top of the dough. Next, pull the right side of the dough away from the pan, and fold it halfway on top of the dough again, overlapping the bottom portion. Repeat with the left side of the dough, and then finally the top, so you have a nice little square of dough.I recommend watching the video to get a clear idea of how to do this step. Place your thumbs just underneath the bottom of the dough, and gently roll the dough over on top of itself, liking rolling a towel, so that it's flipped over. The surface of the dough should now be nice and smooth, with maybe a few air bubbles. Gently turn the dough, if needed, so it's resting neatly in the center of the pan. Loosely cover the pan with a towel, and rest the dough at room temperature for about 4 hours. The dough will naturally spread to fit the pan.
At the end of the rise time, preheat the oven to 500 F.
Drizzle olive oil in top of the dough, and lightly oil your fingers. Dimple the dough all over with your fingers, poking through to the bottom of the pan, until the surface is covered in holes and there's lots of air bubbles.
Sprinkle the top of the dough with finishing salt.
Bake the sourdough focaccia for 20-25 minutes, until the top is deeply golden brown. It's desirable to have some charred bits on top!
Remove the bread from the oven.
Brush the hot sourdough focaccia with the melted butter, and cool for at least 30 minutes before slicing.